Cancer is a

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Fast-growing cells grow outside their boundaries and affect the surrounding cells.
What causes cancer?
Cancer cells grow as a result of many factors - according to the opinion of the World Health Organization - including the following:

  • Genetic factors
  • Physical factors such as ultraviolet radiation and ionizing radiation.
  • Chemical agents such as tobacco components, aflatoxin, and arsenic.
  • Biological factors such as viral infections, bacteria or parasites.

General risk factors for cancer
Many factors pose a risk of developing cancer, such as:

  • Consumption of tobacco products.
  • Excessive alcohol use.
  • Obesity and an imbalanced diet.
  • Lack of physical activity.
  • Pollution of the surrounding environment like air and water.
  • Frequent exposure to infection and weak immune system.
  • Hepatitis B and C infection increase the risk of developing liver and cervical cancer.

How to prevent cancer?
Scientists recommend these simple tips to reduce the risk of developing cancer and prevent it, which include:

  • Doing sports activities regularly.
  • The need to maintain a healthy weight.
  • Avoid gaining or losing excess weight suddenly.
  • Quitting smoking and tobacco use.
  • Avoid heavy alcohol use.
  • Avoid exposure to ultraviolet rays such as sunlight.
  • Be sure to get vaccinated against the papillomavirus or hepatitis B virus.

How to diagnose cancer early?
Early diagnosis and detection reduces cancer deaths and increase the chances of survival and treatment success. The diagnosis is going through:

  • Going to the doctor as soon as any of the symptoms of cancer appear,

like feeling tired and exhausted, high body temperature, the pain of unknown cause, the appearance of lumps or swelling under the skin, a sudden change in body weight, whether an increase or decrease, change in colour Skin without warning or a known medical cause, difficulty swallowing, indigestion, persistent cough and change in bowel or bladder function.

  • Visual examination by the treating oncologist.
  • A mammogram.
  • Taking a biopsy from the affected area to confirm the presence of cancer cells.
     

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